The Hostile Media Effect describes opposing partisans perceiving the same coverage as unfair to their own side because they judge it against different fairness expectations. It distinguishes audience perception from content evaluation, so mirrored complaints neither establish neutrality nor justify dismissing substantive criticism as partisan error.
- FamilyModel
- CategoryEffects, Biases & Phenomena
- DomainMedia, Publics & Society
What these mean
Editorial orientation · Family
Model
In this series, Model names the editorial family primarily used to understand and explain communication: theories, frameworks, effects, traditions, principles and other conceptual resources. It is an umbrella for a route into the field, not a claim that every included object is a predictive model.
Editorial orientation · Category
Effects, Biases & Phenomena
Identifies a bounded pattern in judgment, behavior or communication and the conditions under which it appears. Naming the pattern makes a recurring difficulty recognizable; it does not make the pattern inevitable or supply a complete explanation.